Laboratory Exercise I

HEMICHORDATES AND LOWER ("INVERTEBRATE") CHORDATES

Hemichordata:

                Slide/plastimount: proboscis, collar, trunk, mouth, *stomochord, *pharyngeal pores, pharynx

Urochordata:

Adult slide/plastimount: mantle, tunic, *incurrent siphon, *pharynx, endostyle, stomach, *excurrent siphon, *atrium, ganglion, gonads

Larva slide: *notochord, *nerve cord, *statocyst, *ocellus, incurrent siphon, pharynx, adhesive organs, endostyle

Cephalochordata:

Slides/plastimount: dorsal fin, *fin ray boxes, ventral fin, *atripore, anus, metapleural folds, *myomeres, myosepta, *notochord, nerve cord, photoreceptors, *eyespot, oral hood, vestibule, *buccal cirri, *Hatschek's pit, wheel organ, velar tentacles, velum, pharynx, *pharyngeal slits, *pharyngeal  bars, *endosyle, *epibranchial groove, midgut, *midgut diverticulum, ileocolic ring, hindgut, anus, atrium, *coelom, gonads

Agnatha (Lamprey):

                Adult dissection:

External anatomy: dorsal fins, caudal fin, *eyes, *nostril, *pineal organ, *lateral line system, mouth, buccal funnel, *buccal papillae, *gill slits, *cloacal aperture, urogenital papilla

Groups of students work in pairs with another group in sectioning (i.e., one group does the cross sections, the other a sagittal.)

Muscular system: myomeres, *myosepta, *circular muscle

Digestive system: coelom, *parietal peritoneum, *visceral peritoneum, *transverse septum, *pericardial cavity, *pleuroperitoneal cavity, mouth, *pharynx, *esophagus, *respiratory tube, intestine, anus, cloaca, *spiral fold, *liver

Respiratory system: *internal gill slits, *branchial pouch, *external gill slit, gill filaments

Excretory system: *kidneys, *archinephric duct

Reproductive system (know the anatomy of both sexes): ovary, testis

Circulatory system: *caudal vein, *posterior cardinal veins, *anterior cardinal veins, *hepatic vein, parietal pericardium, visceral pericardium, *sinus venosus, *atrium, *ventricle, *ventral aorta, *dorsal aorta, *caudal artery

Nervous system & sense organs: brain, spinal cord, *olfactory sac, *hypophyseal sac

                Ammocoetes larva:

Slides: oral hood, oral lobes, *pharynx, gill filaments, gill pouches, external gill slits, *subpharyngeal gland, brain, spinal cord, eye, notochord

* Know function.